We observe motion all around us. Some motions are linear, meaning they occur along a straight line, while others are rotational. Let’s explore the force behind rotational motion and what causes objects to rotate or turn.
The moment of force, also known as torque, refers to the turning effect a force exerts on a body. This force causes the body to rotate around a fixed point, called a pivot or axis.
When a force is applied to a free body, it moves in the direction of the applied force. However, if the body is fixed at a point—like a door hinged at a pivot—the force causes the body to rotate about that pivot, O.
The factors that affect the rotation of the body are:
- The magnitude or amount of force applied, F
- The perpendicular distance between the line of force applied and the pivot. This is the shortest distance between the line of force and the pivot.
Here, OP is the shortest distance between the line of force FP.
Therefore, the torque or moment of force of a body is the product of the force applied and the perpendicular distance of the line of action of the force from the fixed point.
Moment of force (torque) = F x OP
Its unit is newton-metre (Nm).
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Easy way of explaining torque. Thanks
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