Mitochondria

What is Mitochondria?

mitochondria - the powerhouse of the cell

Mitochondria are the energy producing organelles (tiny organs) of cells. They are called the Powerhouse of the cell.

Mitochondria have two membranes. The inner membrane contains many folds called cristae, which increase the surface area for energy production. Inside this membrane, nutrients from food break down and combine with oxygen to produce ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the primary energy molecule for the cell. ATP powers essential cellular activities such as movement, growth, and division. Additionally, mitochondria play a key role in apoptosis, or programmed cell death

Matrix is a viscous fluid containing enzymes, ribosomes, etc.

Animals need more energy as they move about. Therefore, animal cells have more mitochondria than plant cells, as plants have limited movement.

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